Sunday, March 30, 2014

THE REVEALER OF THE TRUTH HISTORY

NAME:  LATIFAH NURHASANAH
CLASS:  PBI-D/4
NIM:  14121330388

THE REVEALER OF THE TRUTH HISTORY
Introduction
Howard Zinn is an American radical historian, inspirational author, and revealer of lies.  Howard Zinn is a person that famous because legendary book that he has wrote: “A people 's history of the united states,"  exactly in his article, that is “Speaking Truth to Power with Books.”  The most interesting of this article is the courage of a Howard Zinn who deserves got a lot of appreciation from everyone in America, even in the world, because Zinn is able to reveal the dark side of the history of the continent the American, who was none other than the target arrows pointing directly to the "inventor" of Christopher Columbus. A little more Howard Zinn has revealed a lie from the legendary history.  Therefor in This paper offers an summary and a critical insight/perspective on Howard Zinn’s article entitled “Speaking Truth to Power with Books”.

Summary
There are several basic points that Zinn wrote on Columbus, whom we ridicolusly percieve as the hero/the discoverer of America.  First, who is the real Columbus? With this firmly in his article, Howard Zinn said that Christhoper Columbus was not the discoverer of America and Christhoper Columbus is not the person who first arrived on the continent of America, Christopher Columbus was not as good and powerful as what the American people knew before. Rather Christhoper Columbus is a villain, genocida, a liar, a rapist, sadistic killer, etc.
At the begining, Zinn’s opinion caused much conflict of public, many people in America assume that Howard Zinn was a communist who had opposing views about Columbus itself, because citizen there believe that Columbus is their hero, and they always proud of him, even they has a special day for celebrate Columbus, but Zinn refused all of perspective’s people there, it is different with Noam Chomsky, Chomsky has always prided Howard Zinn, he always defended Howard Zinn because the thought of the historian.  Such as in his quotes “He changed the consciousness of a generation.” (Noam Chomsky), Chomsky assume that Howard Zinn has changed the consciousness, perspective and assumption of a generation and Chomsky also agree and support what has Howard Zinn said about Christhoper Columbus and the truth history of America.
Second, what is columbus perpose in America? As described that Christhoper Columbus did a cruise on the basis of orders from the queen Isabella , because Columbus raping a girl when Columbus royal and was sentenced, he does not feel the deterrent. Therefore, he was assigned to do a cruise to the plains of India , with the aim of Columbus did not return to their territory.Columbus assume that land which he and his flock visited it is India, but instead, it is the American mainland. over there Columbus committed many crimes, such as golden seized, slavery, violence, tortured, kidnapped, killed, and even mutilated  the indigenous because just for make him fun. Columbus like a psychopath, who do anything to fulfill his wishes, because of that, Howard Zinn said that Christhoper Columbus is just a criminal.  Columbus is just a massive liar of America continent, no more. 
Besides Howard Zinn, there is also Samuel Elliot Morrison that make a description of the crime Christhoper Columbus, but  Zinn has cynical view about the Morrison's writing, Zinn said that “Morrison was not lying about atrocities Columbus. He even called the sailors have committed genocide on Indian Arawaks. However, Zinn wrote, the facts listed on this one page, later he is loosed in hundreds of other pages that exalts the greatness of the sailors”.  Zinn assume that Morrisson more explain about the greatness of Christhoper Columbus than his crime.  As if Morrison more pro with Christopher Columbus, and tried to cover up crime of Christhoper Columbus itself, because of that, Howard Zinn has a cynical views of Morrison.

Critique
Howard Zinn is a legend for young radicals. Howard Zinn is also an inspiring writer who has courage enough to reveal a history major, but Howard Zinn also only an ordinary person who has its drawbacks.  So, There are several points on Columbus that are neglected in Zinn’s article but in this paper, I just mention a point that neglected in Zinn’s article.  That is the real inventor and arrived in America for the firs time.
Did Howard Zinn forget all of about it or did he too radical?  Those are questions, why a Howard Zinn does not reveal who the inventor and those who first arrived on the American mainland far away before Columbus.  Whereas if explored further, the answer is the people who first arrived in America is Islam. this is explained by the wide range of available evidence.  As told by Fareed H.Numan in the “American Muslim History A Chronological Observation” that:'' There is no doubt, Muslims have historically been an influence in the evolution of American society a few centuries before Christopher Columbus found it.”
Beside that, history recorded of African Muslims have established good relationships with the natives of the American continent long before Columbus arrived in the mainland.  In Washington DC There is a library of congress in which there is an archive of the U.S. government treaty with the Cherokee tribe, which is one of the Indian tribes, in 1787 and the signature of the agreement is found chieftain named Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Abdekhak and, as well as the contents of the agreement between other rights of the Cherokee tribe to establish its existence in terms of trade, shipping and form his government who was using Islamic law. Not only that, from about the dress, script writing, the names of the Indian tribes themselves based on Islam.  Then a lot of physical evidence, such as inscriptions prove that long before Columbus arrived in the Americas, there has been a prominent Chinese Muslim admiral named Cheng Ho or Zheng He who arrived 70 years before Columbus. Even some historians also argue that centuries before Zheng He, the merchants at the same Muslim sailors already setting foot on the American continent and make settlements there.
Conclusion
There is a basic point that can be concluded from Zinn’s article.  That an American inventor "Cristhoper Columbus" was not the real inventor, and the first person who arrived in America, but the Muslimin that has the primary and essential role in the discovery of the American continent as evidenced with many kind of evidence. While Howard Zinn article is only used as an opener, change and fix the perspective and beliefs western people who was still closedat that time. This is probably the main purpose Zinn is aware people about the truth of a person's thinking about Christhoper Columbus who said that he was the first inventor of the Amerika continent.

Reference:
Howard, Zinn. (1980). A People’s History of The United States. United States: Harper & Row; HarperCollins
Zinn, Howard.  Speaking Truth to Power with Books. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

                                                                                                                      


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